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6. Variables

A variable must be declared before it can be used, otherwise an undefined name error will be generated. A variable is declared using the variable keyword, e.g,

      variable x, y, z;

Variables declared this way are untyped and inherit a type upon assignment. The actual type checking is performed at run-time. For example,

        x = "This is a string";
        x = 1.2;
        x = 3;
        x = 2i;

It is legal to put executable code in a variable declaration list. That is,

         variable x = 1, y = sin (x);

Variables are classified as either global or local. A variable declared inside a function is said to be local and has no meaning outside the function. A variable is said to be global if it was declared outside a function. Global variables are further classified as being public, static, or private, according to the name space where they were defined. See chapter ??? for more information about name spaces.

The following global variables are predefined by the language and are mainly used as convenience variables:

      $0 $1 $2 $3 $4 $5 $6 $7 $8 $9

An intrinsic variable is another type of global variable. Such variables have a definite type which cannot be altered. Variables of this type may also be defined to be read-only, or constant variables. An example of an intrinsic variable is PI which is a read-only double precision variable with a value of approximately 3.14159265358979323846.